Method for fastening headed articles in place



Jan. 30, 1923.

H. G. BUCHAN. THOD FOR FASTENING HEADED ARTICLES IN PLACE.

FILED SEPT 2, I921.

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Patented .ilari. i923.

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METHOD FOR FASTENING HEADED ARTICLES IN PLACE.

Application filed September 2, 1921.

To (1/ w/mm if )lN/ I/ concern.

lie it known that I. Heart (irnnnor liti- (X-IAN. a citizen of the l nited States, and a resident of the city of St. Louis. in the county of St. Louis and State of Missouri. lzH'Q invented certain new and useful linjirovements in a Method for Fastening Headed Articles in Place; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full. clear, and exact description of the same. reference being had to theaccompanying drawings. and to the numerals of reference marked thereon. which form a part of this specification.

Headed articles such as screws. the posts of loose leaf binders. bolts. and similar devices which are frequently used for fastening together parts that are to be separated at will are usually made so that when the parts are separated the screw or other fastener falls out of the detached article and is readily lost or displaced. lven when not lost. the replacement of the screw in the detached part before this part is rcassembled on the other parts makes an inconvenient additional operation in such assembly.

it is an object of this invention to devise a means whereby such headed articles may be permanently secured to one of the two parts which they areto fasten together.

it is a further object of this invention to provide a washer which shall fasten a screw. the post of a loose leaf hinder. or other headed article. into place. so that the same may not be readily removed.

it is a further object of this invention to secure such a washer in its place upon the post or screw and to form a groove in the post or screw for the reception of the washer by the same operation.

it is a further object of this invention to provide a noniiat sheet metal blank, the opening in which shall be contracted by the process of flattening it into a washer.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a non-fiat sheet metal blank which. when flattened into a washer. shall force its inner edge into the body of the post or other object about which the washer is placed.

Other and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the draw lugs.

Serial No. 498,118.

The invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.

()n the drawings:

Figure l is a perspective View of a loose leaf hinder. the binding edge thereof being shown in section to illustrate the applica tion of my invention thereto.

Figure 2 is a detail section through a loose leaf binder illustrating the application of my invention to one form of loose leaf binder post.

Figure 3 is a similar section illustrating the application of my invention to another 'fOIIll of loose leaf binder post.

Figure 4 is a view of a loose leaf binder post, certain parts thereof and the cover to which said post is attached, being shown In section to illustrate the application of my invention thereto.

Figure 5 is a plan view, and Figure 6 isa section. of one of the conical blanks from which the flat washers, characteristic of my invention, are made.

As shown on the drawings:

1 is the bottom cover and 2 the top cover of a loose leaf binder in which binding posts 3 are secured to the bottom cover 1 and cooperate with screws i, the heads of which are outside of the top cover 2. Such posts are ordinarily made hollow and threaded upon the inside to cooperate with the screws. A washer is placed around the post 3 close to the upper surface of the under cover 1. The diameter of the opening of this washer is slightly smaller than the external diameter of the post 3 so that the washer extends within the body of the post and a groove 6 is provided in the post to accommodate the inner edge of the washer.

In the form of post illustrated in Figure 3. two telescoping tubular posts are shown, and each is supplied with a washer 5 and 5 respectively, and with a groove 6 and 6" respectively, to accommodate the inner edge of its washer.

In. assembling such washersupon such posts, a blank is made in the first place, like a washer except that it is not fiat but is a conical shape as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. The inner edge 7 of the blank is formed by cutting a piece out at the same time that the sheet metal was stamped int-o.

the conical shape illustrated. Preferably this cutting is done by a tool that will not leave a clean edge but the lower corner of the inner edge 7 is ragged or has a burr or fin on it.- The diameter of the opening 7 is just suflicilent to enable the blank to be slipped over the bolt or post.

The post when first made, before a washer is applied thereto. has no groove 6.- The post is inserted through its hole in the cover 1 and the conical blank is slipped over the post with the small end toward the cover and passed down the post until it is against the upper face of the cover. The whole is then placed in a riveting press. The tool used in this press is a hollow cylinder which the press forces down around the post 3 and brings against the conical blank, flattening it out into a flat washer The flow of metal during this tlattenin will cause the inner edge 7 to move inwarc. The metal of the post 3 being softer than the metal of the Washer 5, it will yield and the edge 7 of the washer will enter the body of the post forming the groove 6. The burr or fin upon the lower corner of the edge 7 being thinner than the rest of the blank yields more readily to the pressure and thus adds to the tendency of the metal to flow inwards. Also its sharp and ragged edge penetrates the body of the post more readily than does the full thickness of the washer. This assists in forming the groove 6.

T he post is thus permanently secured to the cover and cannot be lost OlltflOlTi the binder when the screw 4 is taken out in the process of changing the leaves.

It is obvious that my invention is not limited to binding posts for loose lea't binders. \Vashers may be applied in the same way to many situations. For example. the screws which are to hold a hinge in place may have a washer placed on the side of the leat of the hinge opposite the head oF the screw. hen this is done with the oicn Consequently,

when the washer flattened. not the whole body of the screw. but only tbc thin part l mctal constituting the thread oll'ers resistance to the inward motion ol the cdgc 7. The edge 7 is therefore able to force the thread ot the screw inward and the washer is thus permanently secured in plarc. permanentl) attaching the screw to the hinge.

As a further illustration. it may be recalled that binding screws or set screws are frequently made with a groove between the shoulder which constitutes the bottom it the head and the beginning of the thread. it a conical washer be passed over the thread and then flattened in the way described the inner edge of such a washer will enter the groovc just mentioned and the washer will be permanently but loosely secured in placc.

Many other applications of such washcrs i will suggest themselves to mechanics.

l am aware that numerous details of construction and procedure may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention; and l thcretore do not purpose limiting the patent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

A method of securing headed articles in place. which consists in passing the shank of the article through the object to which it is to be secured, stamping a piece of sheet metal into a trustum ot a. cone, and simultaneously cutting away the central part ol said sheet metal by a cut that leaves a lin on the inner edge. the opening thus formed fitting said shank, slipping said frustum over the shank. and flattening said sheet metal against the side of the object oppo site said head. whereby the inner edge of ct metal will enterthe body of the vvrining a groove thercii'i. the fin on said edge assisting in penetrating the bod" at the shank.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HUGH GETILRUY rlitnesses Jas. Casrii'n, RUTH A. BnooinrAN.

BUCHAN 

